How to fix a "Missing Permissions" error
The error almost never means what it says. Here is how to find the real cause in under a minute, and the four things that actually cause it.
Topics
Permissions
Role hierarchy, channel overwrites and the resolution order between them — the single largest source of "the bot did nothing" on Discord.
4 guides
Which permissions a Discord bot actually needs
Which permissions a Discord bot actually needs — a permission-by-feature table, the three riskier than they look, and why intents are not permissions.
Why your bot cannot assign a role
Six causes, in order. The first one is right about three times in four, takes ten seconds to check, and produces no error message at all.
Discord role hierarchy, explained properly
Position beats permission. Almost every confusing permission problem on Discord comes down to that one rule, and it is not the rule most people expect.